Sulphuric acid of 0,1 N.

Sulphuric acid of 0,1 N.

H2SO4 sulphuric acid — strong dibasic acid, answering to the highest oxidation level of sulfur ( + 6). At usual conditions concentrated sulphuric acid — heavy oily liquid without color and smell, with acid "copper" taste. In equipment sulphuric acid call its mixes both with water, and with SO3 sulphuric anhydride. If molar otnosheniyeso3: H2O 1 — SO3 solution in sulphuric acid (oleum). Sulphuric acid — quite strong oxidizer, especially when heating and in the concentrated look; oxidizes HI and partially HBr to free halogens, carbon to CO2, sulfur — to SO2, oxidizes many metals (Cu, Hg, etc. ). At the same time sulphuric acid is recovered to SO2, and the strongest reducers — to S and H2S. The concentrated H2SO4 partially is recovered by hydrogen because of what it cannot be applied to its drying. The diluted H2SO4 interacts with all metals which are in electrochemical electrochemical series is more left than hydrogen with its allocation. Oxidizing properties for the diluted H2SO4 are uncharacteristic. Sulphuric acid forms two rows of salts: averages — sulfates and acid — hydrosulphates, and also ethers. H2SO5 and peroxodisulphuric H2S2O8 of acid are known peroxomonosulfuric (or peroxymonosulphuric acid).

Sulphuric acid is applied:

• in production of mineral fertilizers;
• as electrolyte in lead accumulators;
• for receiving different mineral acids and salts;
• in production of chemical fibers, dyes, smoke - generating and explosive substances;
• in oil, metalworking, textile, tanning, etc. industries;
• in the food industry — it is registered as food dobavkiye513 (emulsifier);
• in industrial organic synthesis in reactions:
  • dehydrations (receiving diethyl ether, esters);
  • hydrations (ethanol from ethylene);
  • sulphonations (synthetic detergents and intermediate products in production of dyes);
  • alkylations (receiving isooctane, polyethyleneglycol, caprolactam), etc.
  • For recovery of pitches in filters on production of distilled water.

World production of sulphuric acid apprx. 160 million tons per year. The largest consumer of sulphuric acid — production of mineral fertilizers. ₅ phosphoric fertilizers are spent for P₂O 2,2 - 3,4 times more on the mass of sulphuric acid, and on (NH ₄) ₂ by SO ₄ sulphuric acid of 75% of weight spent (NH ₄) ₂ SO ₄. Therefore vitriol plants aim to build in complex with plants on production of mineral fertilizers.